sometimes tanks of water are used in a similar manner
Agreed - one of the classic ways of keeping an even temperature in a greenhouse is to have some large containers of water in there. Water has a very good ability to absorb thermal energy so is ideal.
Obviously there's the consideration of space and in a polytunnel that needs some thought. In a greenhouse, there's sometimes room under the staging. Some people use oil drums or plastic drums.
In the early spring, this approach will pick up a limited amount of thermal energy. When you get further into the year, it can help to absorb heat during the sunny parts of the day then protect against cold nights (eg. in May & June when there's still the occasional frost).